Rani Gaidinliu, born in Nungkao, Manipur, was a prominent Naga spiritual and political leader. At the age of 13, she joined the Heraka religious movement, initially a faith-based initiative, which later evolved into a powerful political force challenging British rule. After the execution of the movement's leader in 1931, Gaidinliu assumed the role of a leader and inspired her community to resist British control.

By 1932, Gaidinliu was arrested for her active participation in organizing protests and leading her followers in rebellion. She was convicted of various charges and sentenced to life imprisonment. During her incarceration, she became a symbol of resistance, with her movement growing in stature.

Upon India’s independence in 1947, Gaidinliu was released from prison. She continued to advocate for the rights and upliftment of her people, focusing on protecting indigenous customs and opposing the forced conversion of her community to other religions. Gaidinliu worked towards the creation of a separate administrative unit for the Zeliangrong tribes within India, promoting unity and preserving their ancestral traditions.

In recognition of her contributions, she was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1982, one of India's highest civilian honors. Gaidinliu’s tireless efforts for the welfare of her people and her unyielding commitment to peace and non-violence earned her a lasting place in Indian history. She passed away in 1993, leaving behind a legacy of resilience, leadership, and cultural preservation.